Excel Balance Sheet Template in its first half discloses company’s assets. Generally speaking, these are the resources a company has the ability to dispose to pay off its debt.
In the Excel Balance Sheet Template prepared under IFRS reporting the assets are divided into two groups – non-current and current. As the names suggest, non-current are the ones harder to liquidate and current the ones easier to dispose. Normally the assets are shown on the balance sheet in order of their liquidity – either in increasing or decreasing order. A simple rule in determining whether an asset is current or non-current is the time in which it’s meant to be used. Simply put if the company tends or is forced to dispose an asset in next 12 months, it’s current. All other assets are obviously non-current or fixed.
Current assets include cash or cash equivalents, which are inevitably the most liquid assets a company may have, accounts receivable from clients, goods to be sold, prepaid expenses and other assets held-for-sale. The main rule is that they need to be liquid enough to be able to dispose in next 12 months and they need to be shown at the lowest of basically fair value or historical cost. For each assets type again specific measurement rules apply.
Non-current or fixed assets can first be divided into tangible and intangible assets. Again, to put things into simplistic explanations, tangible are the ones you can touch and intangibles the ones you cannot touch. Tangible fixed assets include property, plant and equipment, which pretty much sum it all up. Intangible assets may include goodwill, patents, trademarks, computer software (if separate from computer) etc. In addition, long-term loans given out, investments into other companies etc are also shown under non-current assets.
The assets in our Excel Balance Sheet Template include most common groups of assets and start from non-current resources. Since balance sheets vary from industries and because of local GAAP requirements that may apply, do also pay attention to the specifics not covered with our Excel Balance Sheet Template.